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What is an RTF file?

RTF is a formatted document that almost every word processor on every system can open. It is the usual way to pass text with basic bold, italics and headings between programs that agree on nothing else. RTF is listed here for reference. It is not one this site can convert.

Specification

RTF format specifications
Full nameRich Text Format
Extensions.rtf
Media typeapplication/rtf
CompressionUncompressed
Transparency
Animation
Multiple pagesSupported
Colour depthASCII control words with escaped Unicode
Size limits
Introduced1987
Developed byMicrosoft
StandardOpen
Browser supportNot displayed by browsers

What RTF is used for

  • Interchange between word processors that share no native format
  • Text pasted between applications on Windows and macOS
  • Legacy documents and help files from the 1990s

Strengths and limitations

What RTF does well

  • Opens in essentially every word processor without conversion
  • Formatting is visible as readable ASCII, so it can be repaired by hand

Where RTF falls short

  • Files are large because everything is spelled out in text
  • Development stopped in 2008, so modern typography is not represented
  • Implementations disagree on anything beyond basic character formatting

Questions about RTF

What is a .rtf file?

RTF is a formatted document that almost every word processor on every system can open. The extension .rtf identifies it, and its media type is application/rtf.

How do I open an RTF file?

Browsers do not display RTF natively, so you either need software that understands it or you convert it to something more common first. Converting is usually the faster route when you only need to look at the contents once.

Is RTF lossy or lossless?

Uncompressed. Nothing is discarded, so repeated saves never degrade the contents.

What is RTF good for?

Opens in essentially every word processor without conversion. Formatting is visible as readable ASCII, so it can be repaired by hand. In practice that makes it a good fit for interchange between word processors that share no native format, and Text pasted between applications on Windows and macOS.

What are the drawbacks of RTF?

Files are large because everything is spelled out in text. Development stopped in 2008, so modern typography is not represented. Implementations disagree on anything beyond basic character formatting.

Other document formats

Documents converter or the full format reference